Primary Myelomeningocele Closure
Indications • Any newborn with an open dysraphic condition should undergo operative closure as soon as possible, preferably within the first 48 hours after delivery. Contraindications • With an open…
Tethered Cord Release
Indications • Tethered cord on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (spinal cord adhesions, low conus medullaris, thickened fatty filum, dural sinus, lipomyelomeningocele [LMMC], split cord malformation) with progressive clinical deteriorating symptoms…
Spinal Cord Stimulator
Indications • Nerve root injury with radicular pain in the absence of compressive pathology • Nerve root injury as a complication of spine surgery, including nerve root retraction or injury…
Exploration for Injury to an Infant’s Brachial Plexus
Indications • Inability to lift hand to mouth against gravity by 5 months of age • Plateau in recovery after 9 months of age with significant residual motor deficit Contraindications…
Intramedullary Spinal Cord Cavernous Malformation
Indications • Some experts advocate surgical resection for intramedullary spinal cord cavernous malformation only after progressive neurologic deterioration or for pain, which is often the presentation seen in adults. Others…
Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement
Indications • Lumbar fusion for symptomatic isthmic, degenerative, or traumatic spondylolisthesis; intractable discogenic back pain; or correction of symptomatic degenerative scoliosis • As an adjunct to direct lateral, transforaminal, posterior…
Spinal Cord Arteriovenous Malformations
Indications • Spinal cord arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) causing neurologic symptoms, such as pain, neurogenic claudication, myelopathy, radiculopathy, and progressive motor and sensory dysfunction • Spinal cord AVMs causing venous hypertension…
Minimally Invasive Direct Lateral Transpsoas Interbody Fusion
Indications • Indications are any situation or condition requiring interbody fusion at the level of L1-2 through L4-5 including adult spinal deformity, degenerative disk disease, adjacent segment disease, low-grade spondylolisthesis,…
Open Carpal Tunnel Release
INDICATIONS • Clinical symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) include numbness and paresthesias or pain in the median nerve distribution of the hand (excluding the palm) and fingers. Weakness, stiffness,…
Ulnar Nerve Release
Indications • Progressive clinical symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome include numbness and paresthesias or pain in the ulnar nerve distribution of the hand, primarily the little finger and ring finger….
