Abstract Despite recent research that has been equivocal, intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is invaluable in the management of neurocritical care patients, including head injury, poor grade subarachnoid hemorrhage, stroke, intracerebral…
Abstract In this chapter, all aspects of electroencephalography (EEG) clinical applications in anesthesia and neurocritical care are reviewed. A large panel of EEG-based monitors is described, with emphasis on their…
Abstract Jugular venous oxygen saturation monitoring provides useful information regarding cerebral oxygenation supply and demand. Jugular oximetry can be facilitated by insertion of a catheter by an anesthesiologist or an…
The upper cervical spine is a unique portion of the spine that allows great mobility. The distinctive architecture, including the articulation of the dens with the anterior ring of C1,…
Surgery involving the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) is universally accompanied by questions about postoperative stability. This junction must be crossed in treating many pathologic conditions: tumors, trauma, infections, and inflammatory, degenerative,…
Lumbar spinal fusion is used to treat a wide variety of spinal disorders, including degenerative spinal pathologic processes, degenerative conditions that result in segmental instability, spinal deformities that lead to…
Scoliosis is a complex three-dimensional rotational deformity affecting the spine in the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes. Treatment paradigms should address all three components of this disorder. Surgical treatment of…
High-grade lumbosacral spondylolisthesis is rare and likely a distinct entity from low-grade spondylolisthesis. Although the etiology of the condition is not completely understood, it is likely the result of a…
Cervical facet dislocations, also known as jumped facets, are the result of a hyperflexion or flexion distraction injury, often associated with a component of rotation. In cases of unilateral dislocation,…
Atlantoaxial arthritis is not as common as arthritis of the subaxial spine, but when it occurs, it can be associated with severe pain and myelopathy. Most commonly occurring in the…
