Introduction Jugular bulb venous monitoring provides information about global cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism and has become an important tool in the clinical management of neurologically injured patients. Other techniques to…
Introduction In times past, tribal medicine men jealously guarded their secret knowledge, typically passing it from father to son, thereby protecting the family’s status and importance. Over the centuries mankind…
Introduction Maintenance of an adequate tissue oxygenation is a fundamental objective in the field of critical care medicine in general, and the assessment of tissue oxygenation is an essential part…
Introduction Cerebral microdialysis (MD) is a well-established laboratory tool that is being increasingly used as a bedside monitor to provide online analysis of brain tissue biochemistry during neurointensive care. MD…
Introduction Mammals have evolved sophisticated thermoregulatory systems to maintain body temperature within an optimal range for cellular biochemical reactions. Under normal conditions, excluding hibernating mammals, core temperature is maintained around…
Introduction Frans Jöbsis first described the use of in vivo tissue near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in the human brain in 1977. The technique is based on the concept that light…
This chapter is dedicated to professor Douglas Miller for his personal influence on my understanding of brain injury and his genius in originating the concept of targeted therapy, the implications…
Introduction Xenon-enhanced computed tomography (Xe-CT) is a powerful physiologic imaging tool that provides a clinician with quantitative cerebral blood flow (CBF) data, allows the physiologic response to various interventions to…
Introduction Between 25% and 75% of critically ill patients are affected by acute kidney injury (AKI), and AKI is an independent risk factor for mortality in critically ill patients, including…
Introduction Brain functional and structural integrity depends on a constant supply of oxygen and glucose through cerebral blood flow (CBF) to the cerebral microcirculation. Accordingly, adequate function of the cerebral…
