Pathogenesis of Abnormal Facial Development Rapid brain growth in the first few months of life results in a rapidly expanding cranium and associated facial changes. The multiple sutures of the…
Craniosynostosis, defined as the untimely and premature closure of a calvarial suture in an infant, leads to well-defined and described phenotypic deformational changes of the neocranium, endocranium, or both. The…
Early Descriptions of Cranial Morphology and Cranial Sutures The first documented report describing the diversity of cranial morphology dates to 440 BCE in Herodotus’ work, The Histories ( Ἱστορίαι Historíai…
Introduction As previously discussed in other chapters, single suture nonsyndromic craniosynostosis has the highest prevalence of the craniosynostosis, with sagittal synostosis being the most common followed by metopic, coronal, and…
Introduction Perhaps of all single suture nonsyndromic craniosynostosis cases, premature closure of the lambdoid suture is one of the most difficult ones to diagnose. The primary reason is the confusion…
The original excitement of participating in large, complex and long surgical cases to treat craniosynostosis during our training years gave way to disappointment, frustration, and dissatisfaction with the long-term clinical…
Introduction Review of complications associated with the surgical treatment of craniosynostosis varies widely due to reports that extend over many years and epochs, as well as there being a large…
Introduction to Cranial Remolding Programs Cranial remolding orthoses (CROs) were first described in the treatment of deformational plagiocephaly in 1979. The underlying principle of “directed growth” is accomplished by designing…
Introduction Premature closure of both coronal sutures is most commonly seen in association with craniofacial syndromes and is known as syndromic bicoronal craniosynostosis (SBCS). A smaller subgroup of patients affected…
Introduction Syndromic craniosynostosis accounts for 8% to 24% of all patients with craniosynostosis. , The cause for syndromic synostosis is frequently genetic and often due to one of six frequently…
