Neupsy Key

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Cranial nerve 8 (CN 8) contains two components: auditory (cochlear) and vestibular. Both begin in the inner ear and travel to the brainstem: the auditory component…

NEUROANATOMY OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY Print Section Listen Anatomy of the Nerve Roots of the Lower Extremity At the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral levels, roots are numbered by the vertebral…

TRIGEMINAL NERVE (CRANIAL NERVE 5) Print Section Listen The principal clinically relevant functions of the trigeminal nerve are facial somatic sensation and innervation of the muscles of mastication. The trigeminal…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Neurodiagnostic tests aid in determining both localization and diagnosis. The main neurodiagnostic tests are: neuroimaging, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, electroencephalography (EEG), and electromyography/nerve conduction studies (EMG/NCS)….

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Chapters 4 and 6 mapped the primary motor cortex (precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe), primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe), and the…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Pupillary constriction is a parasympathetic function and pupillary dilation is a sympathetic function (“wide eyed with fear”). The pupils constrict in response to light and accommodation,…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The nervous system serves three main functions: perception, cognition, and action. Perception is the translation of the outer world into electrochemical signals that can be interpreted…

OVERVIEW OF SPINAL CORD ANATOMY Print Section Listen The spinal cord begins where the medulla ends, running from the foramen magnum at the base of the skull to about the…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The output of the motor cortex (and the adjacent premotor and supplementary cortices) is shaped by input from the basal ganglia and cerebellum. The basal ganglia…