Neurophysiology
Learning Objectives Describe the molecular composition of a neuron membrane. Describe the process of neuron depolarization. Compare the two main types of neuron synapses. Explain how neurotransmitters assist in neuronal…
Development of the Nervous System
Learning Objectives Compare the marginal layer of the neural tube to the mantle layer. Describe the neural crest derivatives that may be associated with the somatic sensory nervous system; the…
Basic Neuroscience – Unit I Central Nervous System
Organization of the Nervous System Learning Objectives Describe the function of the nervous system. Describe the components of CNS and PNS. Describe the divisions and subdivisions of the PNS. Show…
Unicoronal Craniosynostosis
Introduction Unilateral nonsyndromic coronal craniosynostosis is a challenging condition for the treating surgical team given all of the deformational changes associated with this condition. Unlike other single suture closures, unicoronal…
Metopic Craniosynostosis
Introduction Although the metopic suture is the only calvarial suture to completely close and disappear in humans, premature closure in utero or soon after birth can lead to major cranial…
Perioperative Logistics
Introduction As with any other surgical operation, adequate preparation and planning prior to performing the procedure are crucial and paramount to obtaining an excellent result and minimizing complications. In the…
The Evaluation, Correction, and Prevention of Pathologic Facial Development Secondary to Craniosynostosis
Pathogenesis of Abnormal Facial Development Rapid brain growth in the first few months of life results in a rapidly expanding cranium and associated facial changes. The multiple sutures of the…
Background and Management Principles
Craniosynostosis, defined as the untimely and premature closure of a calvarial suture in an infant, leads to well-defined and described phenotypic deformational changes of the neocranium, endocranium, or both. The…
The History and Evolution of Craniosynostosis Surgery
Early Descriptions of Cranial Morphology and Cranial Sutures The first documented report describing the diversity of cranial morphology dates to 440 BCE in Herodotus’ work, The Histories ( Ἱστορίαι Historíai…
Multiple Suture Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis
Introduction As previously discussed in other chapters, single suture nonsyndromic craniosynostosis has the highest prevalence of the craniosynostosis, with sagittal synostosis being the most common followed by metopic, coronal, and…
