Lambdoid Craniosynostosis
Introduction Perhaps of all single suture nonsyndromic craniosynostosis cases, premature closure of the lambdoid suture is one of the most difficult ones to diagnose. The primary reason is the confusion…
Final Thoughts and Conclusions
The original excitement of participating in large, complex and long surgical cases to treat craniosynostosis during our training years gave way to disappointment, frustration, and dissatisfaction with the long-term clinical…
Complications and Avoidance
Introduction Review of complications associated with the surgical treatment of craniosynostosis varies widely due to reports that extend over many years and epochs, as well as there being a large…
Postoperative Cranial Orthotic Therapy
Introduction to Cranial Remolding Programs Cranial remolding orthoses (CROs) were first described in the treatment of deformational plagiocephaly in 1979. The underlying principle of “directed growth” is accomplished by designing…
Nonsyndromic Bicoronal Craniosynostosis
Introduction Premature closure of both coronal sutures is most commonly seen in association with craniofacial syndromes and is known as syndromic bicoronal craniosynostosis (SBCS). A smaller subgroup of patients affected…
Bicoronal Syndromic Craniosynostosis
Introduction Syndromic craniosynostosis accounts for 8% to 24% of all patients with craniosynostosis. , The cause for syndromic synostosis is frequently genetic and often due to one of six frequently…
Metopic Craniosynostosis
Introduction Although the metopic suture is the only calvarial suture to completely close and disappear in humans, premature closure in utero or soon after birth can lead to major cranial…
Unicoronal Craniosynostosis
Introduction Unilateral nonsyndromic coronal craniosynostosis is a challenging condition for the treating surgical team given all of the deformational changes associated with this condition. Unlike other single suture closures, unicoronal…
Sagittal Craniosynostosis
Introduction Sagittal suture craniosynostosis is the most common type of sutural stenosis and affects males more than females at a rate of 3.5:1. , It is a genetic condition with…
The Evaluation, Correction, and Prevention of Pathologic Facial Development Secondary to Craniosynostosis
Pathogenesis of Abnormal Facial Development Rapid brain growth in the first few months of life results in a rapidly expanding cranium and associated facial changes. The multiple sutures of the…
