Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) represents one of the most common causes of ischemic stroke worldwide, yet our understanding remains limited regarding the best treatment options for this complex disease with…
Endovascular intra-arterial therapy is reserved for strokes from large vessel occlusion. This article reviews the critical role of the location of the occlusion, extent and characteristics of the occlusive thrombus…
Carotid artery angioplasty and stenting (CAS) has experienced an astonishing rate of development over the last 2 decades, becoming a viable alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in the management of…
Endovascular management has become the treatment of choice for carotid-cavernous fistulas regardless of the fistula type. The endovascular method offers numerous options that render it capable of treating each fistula…
Endovascular embolization is the primary therapeutic modality for intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulae. Based on access route, endovascular treatment can be schematically divided into transarterial, transvenous, combined, and direct/percutaneous approaches. Choice…
Endovascular approaches to arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are often necessary to define and help treat these often complex lesions. Angiography provides important information to help plan surgical or radiosurgical approaches. Modern…
Unlike saccular or berry aneurysms, which present more often with subarachnoid hemorrhage, fusiform aneurysms present more often with ischemic stroke or mass effect. The most time-tested treatment of fusiform vertebrobasilar…
Cerebral vasospasm causes delayed ischemic neurologic deficits after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. This is a well-established clinical entity with significant associated morbidity and mortality. The underlying patholphysiology is highly complex and…
Basilar artery aneurysms account for a small percentage of intracranial aneurysms; however, they are a diverse group of lesions necessitating different treatment techniques for those that are ruptured and unruptured….
The middle cerebral artery is a common location for cerebral aneurysms and is associated with a lower risk of rupture than aneurysms located in the anterior or posterior communicating arteries….
