Germ Cell Tumors
Germ Cell Tumors Clinical Context Extragonadal germ cell neoplasms are uncommon in the central nervous system (CNS), accounting for less than 1% of all primary CNS tumors in the United…
Vascular Malformations and Other Select Vascular Lesions
Vascular Malformations and Other Select Vascular Lesions Arteriovenous Malformation Clinical Context Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital vascular abnormalities that typically present between the ages of 20 and 40 years with…
Cranial and Spinal Nerve Sheath Tumors
Cranial and Spinal Nerve Sheath Tumors Schwannoma Clinical Context A large number of neurosurgical specimens originate outside of the central nervous system (CNS) proper from the perineural cells of the…
Tumors of the Pineal Region
Tumors of the Pineal Region Pineocytoma (WHO Grade I), Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation (WHO Grade II to III), and Pineoblastoma (WHO Grade IV) Pineal parenchymal tumors occupy a…
Choroid Plexus Tumors
Choroid Plexus Tumors Choroid Plexus Papilloma (WHO Grade I), Atypical Choroid Plexus Papilloma (WHO Grade II), and Choroid Plexus Carcinoma (WHO Grade III) Clinical Context Altogether, tumors of the choroid…
Embryonal Neoplasms
Embryonal Neoplasms Introduction Embryonal tumors of the CNS are poorly differentiated malignant neoplasms that preferentially affect children. Categories of embryonal CNS neoplasms recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) include…
Meningeal Lesions
Meningeal Lesions Meningioma General Meningiomas arise from the arachnoid cap cells that inhabit the most superficial portion of the arachnoid membrane, just below the inner surface of the dura. These…
Sellar and Suprasellar Lesions
Sellar and Suprasellar Lesions Normal Pituitary The pituitary resides in the sella turcica on the roof of sphenoid sinus, bounded superiorly by an encasing flap of dura (diaphragma sellae), over…
Neuronal and Mixed Glioneuronal Neoplasms
Neuronal and Mixed Glioneuronal Neoplasms Ganglioglioma/Gangliocytoma (WHO Grade I) and Anaplastic Ganglioglioma (WHO Grade III) Clinical Context Ganglioglioma is probably the most common of the neuronal and glioneuronal tumors, with…
Other Gliomas
Other Gliomas Astroblastoma Clinical Context The sum of knowledge of this rare glial neoplasm encompasses fewer than 300 cases, many of those known only through large tumor registry databases such…
