Neupsy Key

Introduction Chordomas are rare World Health Organization grade I slow-growing neoplasms that are thought to arise from remnants of the notochord. As a result, these tumors can occur anywhere along…

Introduction Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB), which is also known as an olfactory neuroblastoma, is an uncommon sinonasal ­malignancy that has a propensity for local invasion into surrounding paranasal structures, including the eye…

Introduction The sinonasal cavities, which include the nasal cavity and ­paranasal sinuses (maxillary, sphenoid, frontal, and ethmoid), occupy a relatively small anatomic space, but can be afflicted by a variety…

Introduction Craniopharyngiomas are rare intracranial tumors with an incidence of 1 to 2 cases per million persons per year that are derived from pituitary gland embryonic tissue, and have a…

Introduction Pituicytomas are rare low-grade tumors (World Health Organization grade I) that are derived from pituicytes that are specialized glial cells of the neurohypophysis and infundibulum. Pituicytes are glial cells…

Introduction Pituitary tumors account for approximately 14% of primary intracranial tumors, and their overall prevalence in the general population is estimated at 17%. Among pituitary tumors, the range of functional…

Introduction Growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas result in symptoms of acromegaly in adults and gigantism in children. It is caused by elevated levels of GHs and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)….

Introduction Cushing syndrome is caused by excess cortisol, in which the most common cause of endogenous Cushing syndrome is Cushing disease. , Cushing syndrome can be diagnosed with late night…

Introduction Pituitary apoplexy is a potentially life-threatening condition due to acute ischemia or hemorrhage within the pituitary gland, and typically occurs in the setting of a pituitary adenoma. , The…

Introduction The incidence of pituitary adenomas varies in many studies, in which radiographic studies have ranged from 1% to 40%, and postmortem studies have ranged from 1% to 35%. Based…