Acute Memory Loss
Abrupt memory loss developing over minutes to days can be a striking clinical picture. Often the symptom is initially mistaken for a confusional state. While some causes of abrupt memory…
Chronic Cognitive Decline
Slowly progressive cognitive decline is seen most often in the elderly, and frequently causes great concern to family members, though the affected patient may be unconcerned or even unaware of…
Low Back Pain
Acute low back pain spontaneously resolves within 2–4 weeks in the majority of cases. Therefore, in the absence of trauma, fever, known malignancy, or focal neurologic signs or symptoms (such…
Chronic Headache
Chronic headache is one of the most common neurologic symptoms. The main focus of the initial evaluation of a patient with chronic headache is to (1) determine if the headache…
Initial Headache
New headache is a common complaint in the outpatient or emergency room setting. Distinguishing between headaches due to a potentially dangerous cause and those that are benign is paramount. Speed…
Chapter 26 – Electrical and Magnetic Brain Stimulation to Enhance Post-stroke Recovery
Abstract Non-invasive brain stimulation to stimulate neuroplasticity, enhance recovery, and improve mood after stroke has made substantial technical advances in the past two decades. The most common neuromodulatory techniques are…
Chapter 25 – Using Pharmacotherapy to Enhance Stroke Recovery
Abstract Pre-clinical studies provide clear and consistent evidence that a variety of centrally acting drugs affecting specific neurotransmitters can either facilitate or interfere with functional recovery after brain injury. Although…
Chapter 24 – Language and Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke
Abstract Language and cognitive impairments are common consequences of stroke. These difficulties persist with 60% of stroke survivors continuing to experience memory problems, 50% attention deficits and 61% communication problems…
