Seizures and Epilepsy
Definitions and Epidemiology Print Section Listen A general simplified definition of a seizure is a sudden temporary change in brain function caused by an abnormal rhythmic electrical discharge. Epilepsy is,…
NEUROLOGY
Febrile Seizures
Definitions and Epidemiology Print Section Listen Febrile seizures are convulsions induced by a fever in infants or young children. They are the most common type of seizure during childhood. While…
History and Examination
History Print Section Listen Children who present with neurological problems or developmental abnormalities on general physical examination should undergo a complete neurological assessment.1,2 Initially, as much information as possible from…
Brain Death and Organ Donation
Case Print Section Listen A 55-year-old right-handed woman presents to the emergency department (ED) because of sudden loss of consciousness. The patient has a history of tobacco smoking as well…
Bleeding Disorders and Coagulopathy Reversal
Case Print Section Listen A 60-year-old woman with a history of Crohn’s disease, factor V Leiden thrombophilia, and significant vascular and thrombotic disease in her left leg presents with headache….
Disorders of Water Homeostasis: Hypo- and Hypernatremia
Introduction Print Section Listen Critically ill patients are prone to a wide variety of fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base disorders. Two of those disorders are of particular relevance to patients with…
Common Infections in the ICU
Case Print Section Listen A 66-year-old man with no known medical history was admitted after a fall while working at a silo on his farm. On physical examination, he had…
Acute Kidney Injury
Case Print Section Listen A 72-year-old-man, recently treated for resistant Escherichia coli urosepsis, is sent to the emergency department from his nursing home because of new left-sided hemiparesis. He has…
Nutrition and Metabolic Support
Case Print Section Listen A 71-year-old Caucasian man was brought to the emergency department (ED) for left-sided weakness and confusion. According to his wife, he was found on the floor…
Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections
Case Print Section Listen A 72-year-old man with a history of stroke, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and metastatic lung cancer with known metastases to the brain and bone presents with status epilepticus….
