Abstract This chapter provides a systematic review on intestinal electrical stimulation. First, intestinal motility and intestinal myoelectrical activity are introduced. Abnormalities in intestinal motility and intestinal electrophysiology in various clinical…
Abstract The rising incidence of hypertension and the increasing prevalence of treatment-resistant hypertension carry significant societal impact from a public health perspective. Nonpharmacologic adjuncts to the treatment of hypertension are…
Abstract Central sleep apnea (CSA) is highly prevalent, especially in patients with cardiovascular and neurological disorders. It has important detrimental effects on sleep quality and oxygenation, resulting in daytime sleepiness…
Abstract Upper airway neurostimulation of the hypoglossal nerve (Cranial Nerve XII) is a newly available therapy for a select group of patients suffering from moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea…
Abstract Neuromodulation techniques have been used since the 1980s for treatment of refractory angina pectoris. In refractory angina (RA), pain relief is due to an antiischemic effect. There is strong…
Abstract In communication between the central nervous system (CNS), autonomic nervous system (ANS), and the enteric nervous system (ENS), sensory afferent fibers relay information pertaining to varying conditions, while efferent…
Abstract In the United States alone, between 20% and 45% of population will suffer from chronic visceral pain during their lifetime. Fewer than 50%–70% of the patients will have a…
Abstract Persistent nausea and vomiting, refractory to medical management, responds with effective reduction in symptoms to gastric electrical stimulation (GES). In patients with gastroparesis and gastroparesis-like syndrome, the use of…
Abstract Mechanical ventilation (MV), although lifesaving, has significant morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. One of the primary causes of prolonged MV is diaphragm control abnormalities causing disuse atrophy. Diaphragm…
Abstract Experience with the use of neuromodulation for treatment of children with gastrointestinal (GI) disorders has been growing over the past decade, but evidence supporting its use remains fairly limited….
