html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 8 Atypical antipsychotics and movement disorders Rob M.A. de Bie Introduction The term atypical antipsychotics alludes to the existence of a class of drugs which…
Figure 1.1 Schematic proposal of pathways comparing normal (A) to akathisia (B). Reduced dopaminergic stimulation from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) may create unopposed stimulation of the pathway from the…
Figure 3.1: Flow chart of treatment options in patients with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). PO=per os, NG=nasogastric tube, bd=bis in die (twice per day), qds=quaque die (four times per day),…
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 2 Acute dystonia Anne Marthe Meppelink and Mark J. Edwards Introduction Movement disorders can occur as a side effect of many different pharmacological agents, including…
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 4 Serotonin syndrome Dimitrios A. Nacopoulos and Hubert H. Fernandez Introduction Serotonin syndrome, a medical condition that gained prominent attention with the death of Libby…
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 7 Tardive dyskinesia treatment Tracy M. Jones, Israt Jahan, and Theresa A. Zesiewicz Introduction Tardive syndromes (TS) are characterized by abnormal, involuntary movements, and are…
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 6 Tardive syndromesClinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and epidemiology Daniel Tarsy and Raminder Parihar Introduction The tardive syndromes are a group of involuntary movement disorders which appear…
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 5 Neuroleptic parkinsonism Joseph H. Friedman It is my contention, based on personal experience and common sense, based partly on extrapolation, not evidence-based studies, that…
Fig. 13.1 DWI (a) and FLAIR (b) of an acute stroke patient <3 h after symptom onset. DWI shows a hyperintensity in the left MCA territory, whereas FLAIR is without…
X-ray attenuation (HU) Gray matter 35–45 White matter 20–30 Cerebro-spinal-fluid 4–8 Skull 100–1,000 Large vessels 40–50 Tissue calcification 80–150 Hematoma 70–90 Fat −60 to −70 Air −1,000 Fig. 12.1…
