Abstract Intracerebral haemorrhage and subarachnoid haemorrhage are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Too often the focus is on acute treatment after a haemorrhage has occurred, instead of primary and…
Abstract Cervical artery dissection (CAD) is characterized by an intramural haematoma due to a subintimal tear and accounts for up to 25% of ischaemic strokes in young and middle-aged adults….
Abstract With the exception of near-occlusion, CEA is of overall benefit for selected patients with recent symptomatic carotid stenosis =50% (NASCET method), provided surgical stroke/death risk is low. The benefit…
Abstract Long-term (>1 year) single antiplatelet therapy with aspirin is effective in reducing the risk of any early recurrent stroke by about one-sixth compared with no antiplatelet therapy. Clopidogrel monotherapy…
Abstract Cardiogenic embolism is a common cause of recurrent ischaemic stroke. The cardiac source of embolism is usually the left atrial appendage and atrium due to atrial fibrillation (AF). Other…
Abstract RCTs provide evidence that stroke risk is reduced by several risk factor control strategies reviewed in this chapter: adhering to a Mediterranean Diet , avoiding long-term estrogen hormone replacement,…
Abstract Aneurysmal SAH is a severe disease, and the post-haemorrhage period fraught with potential complications that must be recognized and treated early for favourable outcome. While diagnosis of SAH is…
Abstract Although higher plasma cholesterol concentrations have not been reported to be associated with increased stroke risk, cholesterol lowering has been reported to decrease this risk. This decrease can be…
Abstract For hypertensive patients without prior stroke, TIA, or other symptomatic vascular disease, anti-hypertensive therapy reducing SBP by 10 mm Hg, is associated with reductions in recurrent stroke (by about one-quarter)…
Abstract Acute non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) has a poor prognosis and is the least treatable form of acute stroke. Although less common than acute ischaemic stroke, ICH causes greater premature…
