Fig. 13.1 Depiction of an extended pterional approach in which a larger frontal and temporal exposition is accomplished after craniotomy The benign slow growth of these tumours means they frequently…
Fig. 14.1 Case 4. Surgical view of the marked line to be incised Fig. 14.2 Case 4. Surgical view under magnification showing the retraction of the frontal poles The interhemispheric…
Fig. 45.1 Skin incision for mini-open lumbar fusion and percutaneous pedicle screw 45.2 The Lumbar Muscles and Their Fasciae [2] The posterior lumbar musculature refers to those muscles that are…
Fig. 42.1 Anatomical preparation of the posterior facet complex, disc, and exiting nerve root The proper position of the working cannulas on the posterolateral or posterior annulus is essential for…
Fig. 23.1 MRI in the axial view showing a small left vestibular schwannoma extending to the cerebellopontine angle cistern. On T1- (a) and T2-weighted (b) images, the tumor appears isointense….
Technique Author (year) N. of patients % of facial restoration (H–B scale) % of hemitongue atrophy/% of swallowing, chewing, and speech disturbances II III IV V VI HFA Conley and…
CT MRI: T1 MRI: T2 MRI: FLAIR MRI: QWI MR spectroscopy Hypodense calcifications – rare Hypo-/isointense Hyperintense Moderate hyperintense High signal Elevated lactate peak No adjacent bony reaction Fig. 30.1…
Fig. 33.1 Classification of foramen magnum tumors according to the position in the anteroposterior plane as anterior (a), lateral (b), and posterior (c) The last aspect includes the relative position…
Case Age/sex Symptoms Intradural/lateral extension Prev. OP/RT Extent of resection Complication Time to re-OP (mo)/extent of resection Adjuvant RT F/u (mo) 1 56/F None +/+ −/− GTR Transient CN VI…
Fig. 18.1 Sagittal T1-weighted MRI (a) showing a large chordoma resulting in severe brain stem compression. The tumor is predominantly hypointense showing some hyperintensity foci that might depict focal hemorrhage….
