Overview: Disorders That Can Be Confused with Epilepsy Frédérick Andermann Introduction The history is crucial in suggesting a diagnosis of epilepsy. The value of the interview hinges largely on the…

Disorders of Pregnancy Martha J. Morrell Maurice L. Druzin Introduction Few conditions occurring during pregnancy give rise to epilepsy, but some pregnancy-associated conditions give rise to seizures. Seizures developing during…

Alcohol and Drug Abuse John C. M. Brust Introduction Worldwide, a variety of drugs are used recreationally, and they differ in their ability to produce either psychic dependence (compulsive drug-seeking…

Electrolyte, Sporadic Metabolic, and Endocrine Disorders Giuseppe Gobbi Salvatore Grosso Gianna Bertani Antonella Pini Introduction Acute and chronic metabolic, electrolyte, and endocrine disorders may cause dysfunction or impairment of the…

Connective Tissue Diseases Barbara S. Koppel Introduction Seizures occur in several connective tissue diseases, most frequently systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and in forms of vasculitis that involve the brain. Often,…

Neoplastic Diseases Lawrence D. Recht Glantz Michael Introduction Seizures are frequently the first symptom in patients with brain tumors, and they represent an important cause of potentially preventable morbidity. They…

Cerebral Palsy John B. P. Stephenson Introduction Understanding epilepsy is a necessary part of the management of individuals with cerebral palsy.45 Epilepsy is common in all types of cerebral palsy…

Mitochondrial Diseases Michio Hirano Wolfram S. Kunz Salvatore DiMauro Introduction Since the initial discovery of mitochondrial DNA mutations in 1988, our understanding of the mitochondrial encephalomyopathies has advanced at an…