Oxcarbazepine
Oxcarbazepine Ahmad Beydoun Wassim M. Nasreddine Fiorenzo Albani Introduction Although oxcarbazepine (OXC) has been available for many years in Europe, it was only approved by the Food and Drug Administration…
NEUROLOGY
Levetiracetam
Levetiracetam Michael D. Privitera Jennifer Cavitt Introduction Levetiracetam, an antiepileptic drug (AED) with an interesting development history, has become widely used in the treatment of several types of epilepsy. Initial…
Lamotrigine
Lamotrigine Torbjörn Tomson Linda J. Stephen Martin J. Brodie Introduction Lamotrigine, a phenyltriazine derivative, has been available globally as an antiepileptic drug (AED) for more than 15 years. The drug…
Gabapentin
Gabapentin David W. Chadwick Thomas R. Browne Introduction Gabapentin is a novel antiepileptic drug (AED) related in structure to the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (Fig. 1). It was synthesized as…
Ethosuximide
Ethosuximide Edward B. Bromfield Introduction Among several succinimides synthesized as modifications of the hydantoin-barbiturate heterocyclic ring, only one, ethosuximide, is still in widespread use; another, methsuximide, has a broader spectrum…
Carbamazepine
Carbamazepine Evan J. Fertig Richard H. Mattson Introduction Carbamazepine (5H-dibenz[b,f]azepin-5-carboxamide) is one of the most widely prescribed antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of partial and generalized tonic–clonic seizures in the…
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines Dieter Schmidt Alan J. Wilensky Introduction The benzodiazepines represent a clinically relevant class of compounds that possess a broad range of properties, including anticonvulsant efficacy. In 1965, diazepam was…
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone and Steroids
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone and Steroids Richard A. Hrachovy James D. Frost Jr. Introduction Since the 1950s, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosteroids have been used to treat a variety of seizure types…
The Role of European Regulatory Agencies
The Role of European Regulatory Agencies Michel Baulac Eric Abadie Introduction Since 1989, eleven new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have been approved in the EU countries for epileptic disorders as indication….
