Indications • Parasagittal approaches are used to treat lesions located near the falx, corpus callosum, or other deep midline structures. These lesions include parasagittal and falcine meningiomas; midline gliomas; cavernomas…

Indications • Supraorbital craniotomy allows for relatively easy and rapid access to structures in the anterior cranial fossa and sellar and parasellar regions. This minimally invasive technique provides a subfrontal…

Indications • Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is one of the most common causes of death and disability following severe traumatic brain injury and ischemic stroke. • There have been no…

Indications • An occipital transtentorial craniotomy can provide excellent exposure for falcitentorial meningiomas and any lesion arising from the precentral cerebellar fissure, posterior incisural space, and adjoining structures. Contraindications •…

There are multiple variations of the presigmoid approach to the posterior fossa: retrolabyrinthine, transcrusal, translabyrinthine, transotic, and transcochlear. Each variation increases the amount of temporal bone resected, which increases the…

Indications • The transnasal transsphenoidal approach is employed for various pathologies involving the sella, suprasellar space, and sphenoid bone, including pituitary adenomas, Rathke pouch cyst, and craniopharyngiomas. Other indications include…

Indications • This approach provides excellent exposure for lesions of the pineal region, posterior third ventricle, and posterior mesencephalon. Contraindications • The angle of the tentorium is an important consideration;…

Indications • Tumors of the lateral and third ventricles Contraindications • This approach is contraindicated if the patient is medically unstable and would not tolerate surgery. • The transcallosal approach,…

Indications • Surgical approach for clipping aneurysms of the anterior and posterior circulation (upper basilar and its proximal branches) • Surgical approach for tumors of the anterior and middle cranial…

Indications • Most lesions in the posterior fossa • Developmental anomalies such as Chiari malformations • Brain tumors such as meningiomas, ependymomas, astrocytomas, and medulloblastomas • Vascular lesions such as…