Fig. 23.1 Example of a CLABSI bundle If symptoms of infection are noted, all CVC sites should be closely examined for erythema or signs of infection. If present, the CVC…

Fig. 11.1 Intracranial compliance curve. Initial increases in intracranial volume are well tolerated. Continued increase in intracranial volume results in loss of compliance and rapid elevations in ICP. Sustained increases…

The purpose of implementing devastating brain injury guidelines is to promote physiologic stability in order to support potential for neurological improvement, allow time for family presence, and preserve the opportunity…

Fig. 7.1 Head CT with hyperdense left MCA sign He was not a candidate for IV tPA due to his recent use of the blood thinner apixaban. After determining that…

Parameter Normal value Critical value Forced vital capacity (FVC) 40–70 mL/kg 20 mL/kg Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) Men: >−100 cmH2O −30 cmH2O Women: >−70 cmH2O Maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) Men:…

Category Causes Hypercoagulable state Protein C, S, or antithrombin III deficiency; factor V Leiden mutation; prothrombin gene mutation; antiphospholipid syndrome (lupus anticoagulant/anticardiolipin antibody); nephrotic syndrome; hyperhomocysteinemia Infectious Encephalitis; cerebritis; meningitis;…

Fig. 14.1 Case 1 Imaging. (a, b) Pretreatment axial and coronal T1 post-contrast MRIs demonstrate a ring-enhancing intra-axial mass with central necrosis. (c) Pretreatment axial FLAIR MRI demonstrates surrounding vasogenic…

Fig. 20.1 Case presentation head CT showing bilateral frontal contusions An MRI of the brain revealed evolution of the bifrontal contusions, but no strokes were seen. After many days the…

Fig. 6.1 Non-contrast head CT demonstrating a hyperdense right middle cerebral artery 6.2.2 Case 2 Patient is an 87-year-old right-handed man with a history of hypertension, diabetes, and ischemic stroke…

Fig. 5.1 Example of cerebellar ICH with early hydrocephalus Fig. 5.2 Example of IVH Her ICH score was 3 (GCS 8, infratentorial, intraventricular hemorrhage). She had a six-hour stability CT…