Epidemiology of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a form of hemorrhagic stroke that affects up to 30,000 individuals per year in the United States. The incidence of aSAH has been shown to…
NEUROSURGERY
Direct Bypass Techniques for the Treatment of Pediatric Moyamoya Disease
Moyamoya is an increasingly recognized cause of stroke in children and adults. Identification of the disease early in its course with prompt institution of therapy is critical to providing the…
Indirect Revascularization Techniques for Treating Moyamoya Disease
There have been many indirect revascularization techniques described by surgeons for the treatment of moyamoya disease. These surgical procedures are typically used more commonly in pediatric, than in adults’, cases….
Moyamoya: Epidemiology, Presentation, and Diagnosis
Moyamoya syndrome is an increasingly recognized arteriopathy associated with cerebral ischemia and has been associated with approximately 6% of childhood strokes. It is characterized by chronic progressive stenosis at the…
Traumatic Intracranial and Extracranial Vascular Injuries in Children
Trauma continues to be the leading cause of death in children older than 1 year of age. Although vascular injuries are uncommon, they contribute significantly to the mortality and morbidity…
Cerebral Venous Sinus (Sinovenous) Thrombosis in Children
Cerebral venous sinus (sinovenous) thrombosis (CSVT) in childhood is a rare, but underrecognized, disorder, typically of multifactorial etiology, with neurologic sequelae apparent in up to 40% of survivors and mortality…
Classification and Endovascular Management of Pediatric Cerebral Vascular Malformations
Pediatric vascular malformations of the central nervous system differ from those seen in adults. Their classification may be based on symptoms, pathomechanics, patient’s age, morphologic features, or presumed etiology. This…
Spinal Cord Vascular Malformations in Children
Spinal vascular malformations comprise a diverse group of abnormalities, including arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), cavernous malformations, dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs), and capillary telangiectasias. These conditions each have distinct causes, presentations, radiologic…
Pediatric Intracranial Aneurysms
Intracranial pediatric aneurysms arising in children are rare. The treatment of these lesions requires both an understanding of their unique features as well as surgical, interventional, and pediatric critical care…
Cavernous Malformations
Cavernous malformations (CMs) are vascular lesions found in the central nervous system (CNS) and throughout the body and have been called cavernomas, cavernous angiomas, and cavernous hemangiomas. This article discusses…
