5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-induced tumor fluorescence can be used to identify tissue for resection using an adapted operating microscope. A multi-institutional clinical trial comparing fluorescence-guided versus white light tumor resection reported…
Novel immunotherapeutic modalities are being pursed in the treatment of high-grade gliomas. This article explains how tumors suppress immune function in the brain. It specifically describes the ways in which…
Isaac Yang, MD, Guest Editor Seunggu J. Han, MD, Guest Editor Malignant glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor and has a poor prognosis. On average, overall survival is…
This article presents management options for the patient with acromegaly after noncurative surgery. The current evidence for repeat surgery, adjuvant medical therapy with somatostatin analogues, dopamine agonists, the growth hormone…
Prolactinomas are the most common hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas, comprising 40% of all pituitary tumors. Prolactinomas present a unique challenge for clinicians, as these tumors are amenable to either medical or…
Pituitary tumors are a unique class of intracranial neoplasms with the potential to disrupt hormone function and water metabolism. Preoperative and postoperative endocrine assessment is mandatory to recognize and promptly…
Recent evidence supports the notion that the incidence of Cushing disease is higher than previously thought. Transphenoidal surgery, in the hands of experienced neurosurgeons, is currently considered the first-line treatment…
Pituitary adenomas frequently manifest with neuro-ophthalmic symptoms and signs. The location of the pituitary gland makes involvement of both the visual pathways and the ocular motor cranial nerves likely when…
Cushing disease (CD) is caused by overproduction of adrenocorticotropin by a pituitary adenoma (or, rarely, carcinoma). The diagnosis of CD requires distinguishing it from other hypercortisolemic states with a thorough…
Pituitary carcinomas are defined as malignant primary neoplasms of the adenohypophysis with either systemic or craniospinal metastases. Although pituitary adenomas are common, pituitary carcinomas only make up 0.1% to 0.2%…
