Kenzo Uchida, Masaya Nakamura, Hiroshi Ozawa, Shinsuke Katoh and Yoshiaki Toyama (eds.)Neuroprotection and Regeneration of the Spinal Cord201410.1007/978-4-431-54502-6_2 © Springer Japan 2014 2. Microenvironment Within the Injured Spinal Cord Focusing on IL-6 Masaya Nakamura1 (1) Department of Orthopedic Surgery,…
Fig. 3.1 Process of autophagy. A small volume of cytoplasm is enclosed by the isolation membrane, which results in the formation of an autophagosome. The autophagosome fuses with the lysosome…
Fig. 13.1 (a–c) Depict the sheaths covering the scope harboring suction and dissecting tools constructed for 0° and 30° scopes. The sulcus present in the shaft guides additional instruments to…
Types of tumors Japana Koreaa TVGHb Australiac N = 118 N = 125 N = 84 (8.5%) N = 37 1–25 years 1–12 years 1–18 years 1–16 years Pineal tumors 74 (88.1 %) Suprasellar-pineal tumors 10 (11.9 %) …
Fig. 8.1 Typical anatomic landmarks around the foramen of Monro – choroid plexus (cp), thalamostriate vein (tv), fornix (f) “Learning by doing” can have fatal consequences because the possibility to…
Fig. 10.1 Contrast-enhanced MRI from a patient with a recurrent cystic craniopharyngioma who presented with visual deterioration. The preoperative image (a) demonstrates the large dimension and mass effect from the…
(1) Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany Abstract Endoscope-assisted microsurgery combines the advantages of the microscope with those of the endoscope. For dissection of structures which are…
Disorder of the CSF dynamics Cause Neuroendoscopic treatment Yes/no Neuroendoscopic techniques Neuroendoscopic foraminoplasty of foramen of Monro (NEFPFMO) Neuroendoscopic septostomy (NESS) Neuroendoscopic aqueductoplasty (NEAP) Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy (NETV) Neuroendoscopic lamina…
Symptoms Pre (n patients) Post (n patients) % (patient free of symptoms) Headaches 83 22 73 Visual troubles 34 4 88 Sphincter troubles 8 4 50 Gait and balance troubles…
Fig. 12.1 CSF flow artifact. A 42-year-old patient with noncommunicating hydrocephalus. Axial FLAIR image through the lateral ventricles demonstrates the focal increased signal (arrowheads) within the lateral ventricles above the…
