, Sanjay Ghosh2 and Srinath Samudrala3 (1) University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA (2) SENTA Clinic, San Diego, CA, USA (3) The Spine Institute at Glendale…
(1) Marina Spine Center, Marina del Rey, CA, USA 1. Position the patient supine on the table, the lower lumbar spine at the level of the kidney rests. …
(1) University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA Microcervical foraminotomy (MCF) is the term used by this author to specifically define a posterior microsurgical technique that has…
(1) Cedars-Sinai Spine Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA An anterior approach is optimal for many disease processes of the thoracic spine. These approaches have required a posterolateral thoracotomy to…
(1) Marina Spine Center, Marina del Rey, CA, USA 1. Make a standard skin incision over the entire length of the left 11th rib. Extend the incision from the…
(1) Marina Spine Center, Marina del Rey, CA, USA The costotransversectomy is a thoracic spine approach that can be made in one of two positions: prone [1 , 2]…
and H. Alan Crockard1 (1) Department of Surgical Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, England Lesions placed anterior to the neuraxis are best approached anteriorly to minimize traction and…
Fig. 40.1 (a, b) Posterior cervical anatomy Fig. 40.2 (a, b) The vertebral artery is found 3 cm away from the midline on the lateral trajectory to the C1 posterior…
(1) Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan The trans-11th rib extrapleural approach is less traumatic to the respiratory system1 and has the advantage that a patient does not…
(1) Marina Spine Center, Marina del Rey, CA, USA 1. Place the patient in the lateral decubitus position. Approach from the convexity of the scoliosis or from the left…
