Anemia Evaluation Description—a specific decrease in the number of circulating erythrocytes (red blood cells [RBCs]), hemoglobin, and hematocrit Clinical If anemia has developed rapidly—hypotension is secondary to loss of blood…

Anaphylaxis Evaluation Description—acute, potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction with systemic effects Clinical: Cardiovascular—lightheaded and syncope secondary to hypotension Respiratory—rhinitis, sneezing → stridor, chest tightness, shortness of breath, wheeze, respiratory arrest Skin—pruritus,…

Allergic Rhinitis (Allergies) Evaluation Description—inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa Clinical—pruritus (severe itching), sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion Mechanism—immunoglobulin E (IgE)-associated response to allergens Epidemiology—15% to 20% prevalence Classification Traditional—seasonal…

Other Miscellaneous Tests Important to the Psychiatrist a. Magnesium 1.8 to 3.0 mg per dL (panic value: <A onclick="get_content(event,'AB1-M12'); return false;" onmouseover="window.status=this.title; return true;" onmouseout="window.status=''; return true;" title="<0.5 or ”…

Pulse Oximetry The normal reference range for arterial oxygen saturation (Sao2) is 95% to 100%. Pulse oximetry measures the oxygen saturation noninvasively, without the need to get the arterial blood…

Anemias Ferritin: adult male 16 to 300 ng per mL; adult female 4 to 161 ng per mL Iron 50 to 175 μg per dL Total iron binding capacity 250…

Tests for Monitoring Anticoagulant Therapy Prothrombin time (PT) 11 to 15 seconds (panic value: ≥30 seconds) NOTE: Thromboplastin converts prothrombin (factor II) to thrombin. The strength of the thromboplastin used…

Tests for Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes According to American Diabetic Association (ADA) position statement, 1994, the diagnosis of diabetes is made if A patient has the symptoms of diabetes (polyuria,…

Laboratory Tests for Myocardial Infarction Troponin-I (cTnI) <A onclick="get_content(event,'AB1-M12'); return false;" onmouseover="window.status=this.title; return true;" onmouseout="window.status=''; return true;" title="<0.05 ng per mL Creatine kinase MB (CKMB) <A onclick="get_content(event,'AB1-M12'); return false;" onmouseover="window.status=this.title;…