Mild Encephalitis Theory of Psychiatric Disorders
Fig. 5.1 CE usually develops within a short time period of hours to days and involves strong neuroinflammatory alterations within CSF spaces and the brain parenchyma. The latter has been…
PSYCHOLOGY
Animal Models Based on Immune Challenge: The Link to Brain Changes and Schizophrenia
Group Brain markers Brain structure Brain genes Behavior nNOS Reelin GFAP Pyramidal cell atrophy Brain atrophy MBP PLP Net-nd P HSCP70 Prepulse inhibition Influenza mouse model Adulthood ↓ ↓ ↑…
Immunomodulation as Therapeutic Approach in Schizophrenia and Depression: State of the Art
Authors Diagnosis Course and duration Duration of trial N Study design Concomitant drug COX-2 inhibitor Outcome Zhang et al. (2006) Schizophrenia First manifestation 12 weeks 40 Risperidone (flexible dose) Celecoxib…
Do Antidepressants Exert Effects on the Immune System?
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Norbert Müller, Aye-Mu Myint and Markus J. Schwarz (eds.)Immunology and PsychiatryCurrent Topics in Neurotoxicity810.1007/978-3-319-13602-8_16 16. Do Antidepressants Exert Effects on the Immune System? Angelos Halaris1 (1) Department of Psychiatry, Loyola University Chicago…
The Role of Inflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease
Component Innate Immune System Adaptive IS Cellular Monocyte, macrophage, granulocyte, NK-cell, γ/δ-cell T- & B-cell Humoral Complement, APP, mannose binding lectin (MBL), neopterin Antibody The view that a decline of…
Role of Autoimmunity and Infections in Tourette Syndrome
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Norbert Müller, Aye-Mu Myint and Markus J. Schwarz (eds.)Immunology and PsychiatryCurrent Topics in Neurotoxicity810.1007/978-3-319-13602-8_13 13. Role of Autoimmunity and Infections in Tourette Syndrome Pieter J. Hoekstra1 (1) Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,…
Microglia Activation, Herpes Infection, and NMDA Receptor Inhibition: Common Pathways to Psychosis?
Fig. 12.1 Inflammatory pathways to psychosis, adapted from Najjar et al. (2013). In the microglia/astroglia an M2 phenotype is favored, leading to a balance shift to the left in the…
Depression, the Metabolic Syndrome and Neurodegeneration
Fig. 11.1 Summary of main steps in the tryptophan–kynurenine pathway. In depression, the neurodegenerative pathway, leading to the synthesis of the neurotoxins quinolinic and picolinic acids, is increased while the…
Cytokines and Related Metabolic Markers in Adult Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Possible Roles in Clinical Application
Fig. 10.1 Effects of inflammation on related metabolisms. The lines in green colour = metabolic process, the lines in blue colour = transport across blood brain barrier, the lines in red colour (complete) = activation, the…
Major Depression: An Immune-Inflammatory Disorder
Appleton KM, Rogers PJ, Ness AR. Updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on depressed mood. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91:757–70.PubMed Asevedo E,…
