Neuroendocrine, metabolic and hormonal conditions
Incidence and prevalence • Pituitary damage because of brain trauma was first recognized in 1918 and was initially thought to be relatively rare. It has only been with increased awareness…
Soft tissue and orthopedic conditions
This chapter identifies common soft tissue and musculoskeletal conditions that may be encountered in the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). An overview is provided on these topics:…
Genitourinary
Voiding disorders are common among patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Such voiding disorders are referred to as neurogenic bladder dysfunction . Urological disorders in TBI can range from 32%…
Gi and nutrition
Neurological injury can cause various gastrointestinal GI and nutritional complications. These problems can often affect recovery of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Appropriate recognition and practices regarding treatment and…
Cardiovascular and pulmonary
Cardiovascular complications after brain injury Brain disorders including traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been known to affect the heart directly or indirectly. These conditions may include cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, or autonomic…
Intensity of services, specialized rehabilitation therapies, and interdisciplinary team management
Intensity of services Inpatient rehabilitation facility • Inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) are hospitals that specialize in intensive rehabilitation. • IRFs provide the most intensive therapy and the greatest variety of…
Neuroimaging (structural and functional)
Imaging modalities in trauma Radiography Radiography is not adequately sensitive in the detection of intracranial pathology and doesn’t have a role in traumatic brain injury (TBI) ( Fig. 15.1 )….
Functional evaluation
Clinical measurement Clinical measurement is an important component of treatment during recovery from brain injury. As a means of assessment, clinical measurement may involve the use of various screening tools,…
Diagnostic procedures and electrophysiology
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity, hospitalization, and disability in the United States. Improvements in high-quality acute care have led to patients surviving longer, even after…
