Fig. 11.1 DTRAX Cervical Cage in three configurations The DTRAX Cervical Cage is compatible with a variety of retractors and instrument sets, including DTRAX Spinal System. Figure 11.2 shows many…
Fig. 3.1 Age-related disk modifications, d isk bulging and disk herniation shown on sagittal FSE T2 images. Patient 1 (a) Minimal disk dehydration at C3-4 level (arrow), as demonstrated by…
Fig. 14.1 Vertebral plateau Vagueness exists over the load sharing between the endplate and the cancellous bone underneath. According to White and Panjabi [4] the endplate may contribute 45–75 %….
Fracture Type Fracture type and the amount of displacement are important factors in selecting a patient for surgery. Type II and “shallow” or rostral type III fractures according to the…
Fig. 12.1 Postoperative cervical spine x-rays in the anteroposterior and lateral projections of a C5–7 LMS fixation Fig. 12.2 Intraoperative photograph of a three level LMS fixation of the subaxial…
Fig. 10.1 Traumatic subluxation of the dens in a 3 years old girl. (a) CT Scan reconstruction. (b) Reduction in halo. (c) Halo reduction. (d) Flexo-extension x-ray after halo removal…
Fig. 9.1 Incision and soft tissue dissection. (a) A transverse skin incision extending from the midline to the medial border of the sternocleidomostoid muscle is adequate to expose up to…
Fig. 2.1 Coupling phenomenon i.e. axial rotation of the spinous processes away from the concave side of the direction of the lateral bending. Arrows just above the head show the…
Fig. 18.1 Drawing of cross-section at C5 level. Deep cervical fascia is marked in green, pretrachreal fascia with carotid sheath in orange (neurovascular bundle is contained in it) and prevertebral…
Fig. 6.1 Absorption coefficient of water for the different wavelength according to [9] (Additional Refs. [10, 11]) Wavelength (nm) Lasertype α (cm-1) L (cm) 980 Diode 0.473 2.11 1064 Nd:YAG…
