Indications • Medial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with mesial temporal sclerosis pathology consisting of neuronal cell loss, gliosis, and synaptic reorganization • Presumed mesial temporal sclerosis can be determined preoperatively…
Indications • Medically intractable, generalized atonic seizures • Secondarily generalized seizures without identifiable focus • Medically intractable, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome with multiple seizure types • Severe myoclonic absence seizures Contraindications •…
Indications • Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) • Deep-seated and lobar hematomas with suspected underlying hypertension or cerebral amyloid angiopathy • Moderate-sized and large hematomas (>20 mL) • Normal coagulation parameters…
Indications • Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy without evidence of neocortical involvement is an indication for selective amygdalohippocampectomy. • The decision to proceed with surgery is usually made after medical intractability…
Indications • Despite advances in endovascular neurosurgery, cerebral bypass operations remain essential components in the management of giant aneurysms and some skull base tumors involving the carotid artery. Sacrifice of…
Indications • Cavernous malformations are “low-pressure” vascular malformations that typically come to clinical attention because of seizures or acute hemorrhage. With widespread use of noninvasive axial imaging, many cavernous malformations…
Indications • When the planned resection site of a tumor is near essential language cortex, intraoperative language mapping is necessary. • Occasionally, tumors in or near motor cortex are best…
Indications • Atherosclerotic carotid artery occlusion with hemodynamic insufficiency . In nonselected patient populations, a multicenter randomized controlled trial showed no benefit of superficial temporal artery–middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass…
Indications General Indications for Treatment of Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas • The indication for treatment of cranial dural arteriovenous malformations (DAVFs) is dictated by their natural history. Because the risk of…
Indications • Surgery is indicated for patients with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) that have ruptured or are causing intractable seizures, progressive neurologic deficits, or intractable debilitating headaches. Often, failure of alternative…
