Enlarged Sulci, Generalized Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Aging Brain, Normal Dementias Alzheimer Dementia Vascular Dementia Dementia with Lewy Bodies Frontotemporal Dementia Chronic Alcoholic Encephalopathy HIV Encephalitis…
Intraventricular Calcification(s) Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Physiologic Calcification, Choroid Plexus Choroid Plexus Cyst Neurocysticercosis Neurofibromatosis Type 2 Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Less Common Meningioma Ependymoma Intraventricular Hemorrhage (Mimic)…
Irregular Lateral Ventricles Bronwyn E. Hamilton, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common CSF Shunts and Complications Surgical Defects Periventricular Leukomalacia Cerebral Infarction, Chronic Porencephalic Cyst Chiari 2 Less Common Heterotopic Gray Matter…
Periventricular Enhancing Lesions Bronwyn E. Hamilton, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Multiple Sclerosis ADEM Lymphoma, Primary CNS Less Common Glioblastoma Multiforme Abscess Toxoplasmosis, Acquired Germinoma Metastases, Parenchymal Vasculitis Lyme Disease Ependymoma…
Ependymal Enhancement Bronwyn E. Hamilton, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Normal Variant Developmental Venous Anomaly Multiple Sclerosis Less Common Ventriculitis Opportunistic Infection, AIDS Neoplasm with CSF Seeding Lymphoma, Primary CNS Tuberculosis…
Cistern, Subarachnoid Space Normal Variants Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Cavum Septi Pellucidi (CSP) Mega Cisterna Magna MR Artifacts, Flow-Related Enlarged Subarachnoid Spaces Less Common Cavum Velum Interpositum…
Large Ventricles Bronwyn E. Hamilton, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Aging Brain, Normal Encephalomalacia, General Obstructive Hydrocephalus Meningitis Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, NOS Intraventricular Hemorrhage Cerebral Atrophy, NOS Chronic Hypertensive Encephalopathy Multiple Sclerosis…
Small Ventricles Bronwyn E. Hamilton, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Normal Variant (Young Brain) CSF Shunts and Complications Cerebral Edema, Traumatic Herniation Syndromes, Intracranial Less Common Encephalitis (Miscellaneous) Intracranial Hypotension Intracranial…
“Bubbly-Appearing” Intraventricular Mass Bronwyn E. Hamilton, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Choroid Plexus Cysts Less Common Neurocysticercosis Central Neurocytoma Ependymoma Subependymoma Epidermoid Cyst Cavernous Malformation Ependymal Cyst Rare but Important Choroid…
Cerebral Aqueduct/Periaqueductal Lesion Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Aqueductal Stenosis Tectal Glioma Less Common Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI) Neurocysticercosis Multiple Sclerosis Enlarged Perivascular Spaces Diffuse Astrocytoma, Low Grade…
