Figure 47.1. Internal carotid artery. 47.1.2 Pathophysiology of Carotid Artery Atherothrombosis Stenosis severity seems to be the most important risk factor for ischemic stroke [10]. This notwithstanding, the relevance of…
Figure 58.1. Plain (A) and contrast (B) computed tomography (CT) showing hydrocephalus and basal meningeal enhancement. Figure 58.2. Contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing basal meningeal enhancement. Figure 58.3. Plain…
[The dose alone makes the poison]Paracelsus (Swiss alchemist and physician, 1493-1541) The rapid broad-based development of intensive care medicine now allows the treatment and recovery of patients who some decades…
Figure 90.1. Magnetic resonance imaging with multiple lesions hyperintensitive in diffusion-weighted, sequences. Angiography is useful in the detection of lesions in medium and large vessels. However, when smaller sized branches…
Figure 84.1. Example of electrocardiogram. Hyperglycemic crisis is common acutely after SAH, and are due primarily to catecholamine induced stress. The glucose values typically are in the 200-300 mg/dl range….
Figure 87.1. Brain computed tomography of a patient with intraventricular hemorrhage of cerebellar origin and associated hydrocephalus. The clinical presentation is not specific; characteristic symptoms and signs include: elevated intracranial…
Figure 46.1. Subtype mechanism of ischemia in patients between 20 and 44 (white bar) and more than 45 years (black bar) of age at first stroke in the Northern Manhattan…
Poul Anderson (1926-2001) 28.1 Introduction Intracranial hypertension (ICH) is still the leading cause of death in patients with acute brain damage and especially in those with severe traumatic brain injury…
Figure 53.1. Intraventricular hemorrhage in a 45-year-old man due to a left caudate hemorrhage extending caudally to the fourth ventricle. Predominance of blood in the fourth ventricle with associated subarachnoid…
Figure 22.1. Effect of increasing intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) in closed and open-chest animals on intracranial pressure (ICP) and pleural pressure (PP). A. ICP: solid line closed chest, dotted line animals…
