Chronic Kidney Disease
(1) Departments of Internal Medicine & Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of renal function, lasting at…
Xerostomia
(1) Departments of Internal Medicine & Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Xerostomia , a feeling of dry mouth, is often caused by medications. Common…
Diabetes Insipidus
(1) Departments of Internal Medicine & Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a syndrome characterized by abnormally large volumes of dilute…
Thyroid Disorders
(1) Departments of Internal Medicine & Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Hypothyroidism is a state of lowered thyroid hormone activity. Hyperthyroidism is a state…
Sexual Dysfunction
(1) Departments of Internal Medicine & Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA The prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD), including mild, moderate, and severe dysfunction is…
Hyponatremia
(1) Departments of Internal Medicine & Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Hyponatremia represents a state of excess total body water in relation to body…
Introduction to Movement Disorders
(1) Departments of Internal Medicine & Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Movement disorders refer to any disruption of voluntary movement including involuntary muscle activity,…
Hyperprolactinemia
(1) Departments of Internal Medicine & Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Hyperprolactinemia is a state of elevated levels of serum prolactin (PRL). The prevalence…
Hypercalcemia
(1) Departments of Internal Medicine & Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Hypercalcemia is elevated serum calcium level >10.2 mg/dL. It is usually due to…
