Arteriovenous Malformations of the Brain
Fig. 12.1 Non-contrast axial CT of brain showing a large intracerebral hemorrhage at time of presentation Fig. 12.2 Axial T1 MRI of the brain with gadolinium demonstrating a ruptured left…
Fig. 12.1 Non-contrast axial CT of brain showing a large intracerebral hemorrhage at time of presentation Fig. 12.2 Axial T1 MRI of the brain with gadolinium demonstrating a ruptured left…
Clinical suspicion for Cushing’s syndrome ↓ Screening tests (first-line—perform at least 2) • Urinary free cortisol (three 24 h collections) • Low-dose (1 mg) overnight dexamethasone suppression • Late-night salivary…
Fig. 2.1 Left anterior oblique projection of the standard aortic arch configuration Fig. 2.2 Left anterior oblique projection of the bovine aortic arch variant The External Carotid Artery The external…
Age ≥75 = 1 <75 = 0 NIHSS ≥18 = 1 <18 = 0 Admission glucose ≥150 mg/dl = 1 <150 mg/dl = 0 Calculating these clinical scores can help predict the outcome and possible risks vs. benefit of endovascular therapy in…
Fig. 10.1 A 7-mm right posterior communicating artery UIA with a favorable neck to dome ratio (a) treated with unassisted coil embolization (b) Fig. 10.2 A 1-cm right carotid terminus…
Fig. 1.1 6F femoral sheath Wires and Catheters Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography Diagnostic catheters are usually advanced over a hydrophilic wire. The wire acts as a guide to prevent the catheter…
Condition Synopsis of clinical condition and monitoring Synopsis of management Pre-procedure renal protection Absolute increase by 0.5 mg/dl or 25 % relative increase from baseline seen 2–7 days after contrast…
• Congestive heart failure (class III/IV) and/or known severe left ventricular dysfunction LVEF <30 % • Open heart surgery within 6 weeks • Recent MI (>24 h and <4 weeks) • Unstable angina (CCS…
Fig. 15.1 Retinal and subhyaloid hemorrhage in a patient with Terson syndrome as result of a ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm. Note typical appearance of triangular-shaped hemorrhage to subhyaloid space…
1.$The diameter of the proximal part of the artery at its widest, non-tortuous, normal segment is chosen (first choice) 2.$If the proximal artery is diseased, the diameter of the distal…