HEAD TRAUMA
CHAPTER 103 HEAD TRAUMA H. Gordon Deen Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in the United States and many other parts of the world….
EXAMINATION OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM
CHAPTER 21 EXAMINATION OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM Desmond Kidd VISUAL ACUITY A sizeable minority of patients who are referred to a neuro-ophthalmology clinic have a refractive error as the only…
IDIOPATHIC INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION
CHAPTER 61 IDIOPATHIC INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION Deborah I. Friedman*, Despite refinements in terminology and diagnostic criteria since it was initially described by Quincke in 1897, idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) remains a…
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXINS AND DISORDERS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
CHAPTER 111 ENVIRONMENTAL TOXINS AND DISORDERS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Jean Lud Cadet, Karen I. Bolla Individual cases of lead poisoning were reported as early as 200 B.C. Nevertheless, the…
SPINAL DISEASE: NEOPLASTIC, DEGENERATIVE, AND INFECTIVE SPINAL CORD DISEASES AND SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION
CHAPTER 40 SPINAL DISEASE: NEOPLASTIC, DEGENERATIVE, AND INFECTIVE SPINAL CORD DISEASES AND SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION Shalini A. Amukotuwa, Mark J. Cook The long, cylindrically shaped spinal cord sits within the…
METABOLIC MYOPATHIES (INCLUDING MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES)
CHAPTER 88 METABOLIC MYOPATHIES (INCLUDING MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES) Patrick F. Chinnery, Douglass M. Turnbull Muscle contraction is dependent on the high-energy molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and deficiency of ATP synthesis leads…
NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION
CHAPTER 93 NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION Lysa Boissé, M. John Gill, Christopher Power Neurological disorders caused by the retrolentivirus human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), occur at all…
UREA CYCLE DISORDERS
CHAPTER 110 UREA CYCLE DISORDERS E.A. Crombez, S.D. Cederbaum The urea cycle is a sequence of six enzymatic and two transport steps necessary to metabolize and excrete the nitrogen generated…
CHRONIC DAILY HEADACHE
CHAPTER 58 CHRONIC DAILY HEADACHE Marcelo E. Bigal, Richard B. Lipton Chronic daily headache (CDH) of long duration is a clinical syndrome defined by headaches that occur for 4 hours…
