Neupsy Key

Behavioral Neurology I. Aphasia Broca aphasia Description: disordered grammar, nonfluent, linguistic dysprosody, poor naming, poor repetition, paraphasias Lesion: frontal operculum lower motor cortex, anterior division of left middle cerebral artery…

Dizziness I. Central and Peripheral Causes of Nystagmus Central Peripheral Mass lesions Benign positional vertigo Multiple sclerosis Labyrinthitis Epilepsy Cerebellopontine angle tumors Vertebrobasilar insufficiency Barotrauma Basilar migraine Perilymphatic fistula II….

Sleep I. Basic Science Sleep homeostasis Sleep need gradually increases during wakefulness and decreases with sleep. Sleep need has a similar temporal pattern as slow wave sleep. Non rapid eye…

Coma and Head Injury I. Glasgow Coma Scale Eye opening Spontaneous 4 To voice 3 To pain 2 None 1 Best motor response Obeys commands 6 Localizes pain 5 Withdraws…

Autonomic Nervous System Testing I. Anatomy and Physiology Preganglionic sympathetic neurons are located in the intermediolateral cell column in the spinal cord from T2 to L1. Preganglionic parasympathetics are present…

Autoimmune Antibodies I. Paraneoplastic Autoantibodies Yo (anti-Purkinje cell antibody) Indication: cerebellar degeneration Tumor: breast, ovarian, endometrial, cervical Clinical features: cerebellar symptoms evolve over weeks to months and then stabilize. Only…

Neuroimaging Neuroimaging I. Computed Tomography Density Moiety Hounsfeld Units Bone 1,000 (more dense) Calcium 100 Acute blood 85 Tumor Possibly 30-60 Gray matter 35-40 White matter 25-30 CSF 0 Adipose…

Pain Headache I. General Considerations Occurs when peripheral nocioceptors are stimulated in response to tissue injury, visceral distension, or when peripheral or central pain pathways are damaged or activated inappropriately…

Neuro-Ophthalmology Ophthalmology I. Nystagmus Congenital Decreased with convergence Increased with fixation Optokinetic nystagmus inversion Uniplanar in all directions Latent Seen only when one eye is covered Fast component away from…

Transplant Neurology Transplant Neurology—Complications I. Glucocorticoids Opportunistic infections Steroid myopathy Psychosis Delirium II. Methotrexate Intrathecal Aseptic meningitis Acute transverse myelopathy Intavenous high dose Stroke Encephalopathy III. Anti-CD3 Cytokine release Aseptic…