10.1055/b-0035-106384 9 Correlation of the Anatomical and Clinical Domains Surgery for spinal pathology can be grouped into three fundamental and relatively distinct categories: (1) surgery for neural element compression or…
10.1055/b-0035-106379 4 Bone Quality 4.1 The Demographics of Aging A deterioration of bone quality over time is inevitable. Osteoporosis is a relentlessly progressive process. However, it does not manifest until…
10.1055/b-0035-106377 2 Physical Principles and Kinematics Physics is one of the most fundamental of all sciences. An understanding of the physical principles involved in a discipline such as spine surgery…
10.1055/b-0035-106378 3 Stability and Instability of the Spine 3.1 Traditional Concepts White and Panjabi define clinical stability of the spine as the ability of the spine under physiologic loads to…
10.1055/b-0036-141980 5 Cerebral Aqueduct and Fourth Ventricle Anatomy Alberto Feletti, Alessandro Fiorindi, Luca Basaldella, and Pierluigi Longatti 5.1 Introduction The anatomy of the cerebral aqueduct (CA) and the fourth ventricle…
10.1055/b-0036-142011 36 Use of Fluorescence in Neuroendoscopy Alessandro Fiorindi, Luca Basaldella, Alberto Feletti, and Pierluigi Longatti 36.1 Introduction Little is available in the literature on fluorescence visualization of normal intraventricular…
10.1055/b-0036-142014 39 Neuroendoscopy in Developing Countries: Mobile Neuroendoscopy Centers Jose Piquer, Jose L. Llácer, and Mubashir Mahmood Qureshi 39.1 Introduction Endoscopic neurosurgery was introduced at the turn of the twentieth…
10.1055/b-0036-142009 34 Endoscopic Resection of Extra-Axial Tumors Hazem J. Abuhusain, Nicolas Koechlin, and Charles Teo 34.1 Introduction The key concept of endoscopic surgery is improved target visualization to augment tumor…
10.1055/b-0036-142012 37 Complications in Neuroendoscopy Concezio Di Rocco, Luca Massimi, and Gianpiero Tamburrini 37.1 Introduction Neuroendoscopy is composed of safe minimally invasive surgical techniques that utilize the neurendoscope alone or…
10.1055/b-0036-142006 31 Endoscopic Exploration and Biopsy of Basal Cisterns José Juan Sánchez Rodríguez, Jaime Gerardo Torres-Corzo, and Leonardo Rangel-Castilla 31.1 Introduction Neuroendoscopy has revolutionized the management of hydrocephalus since the…
