12 Scoliosis
10.1055/b-0039-166421 12 ScoliosisLauren M. Sadowsky, Ankur S. Narain, Fady Y. Hijji, Philip K. Louie, Daniel D. Bohl, and Kern Singh 12.1 Introduction Spinal deformities such as scoliosis represent some of…
16 Pediatrics
10.1055/b-0039-166425 16 PediatricsJonathan Markowitz, Ankur S. Narain, Fady Y. Hijji, Philip K. Louie, Daniel D. Bohl, and Kern Singh 16.1 Background Most congenital spinal pathologies affect the upper cervical or…
10 Cervical Disk Disease
10.1055/b-0039-166419 10 Cervical Disk DiseaseFady Y. Hijji, Ankur S. Narain, Philip K. Louie, Daniel D. Bohl, and Kern Singh 10.1 Background Disk disease is often described as a result of…
1 Neuroanatomy and Physiology
10.1055/b-0039-166400 1 Neuroanatomy and PhysiologyJacob V. DiBattista, Ankur S. Narain, Fady Y. Hijji, Philip K. Louie, Daniel D. Bohl, and Kern Singh 1.1 Neuron Anatomy Basic components ( Table 1.1,…
3 Atlanto-Occipital Anatomy
10.1055/b-0039-166412 3 Atlanto-Occipital AnatomySuzanne Labelle, Fady Y. Hijji, Ankur S. Narain, Philip K. Louie, Daniel D. Bohl, and Kern Singh 3.1 Bony Anatomy 3.1.1 Occipital Bone (Fig. 3.1) External occipital…
4 Cervical Spine Anatomy
10.1055/b-0039-166413 4 Cervical Spine AnatomyFady Y. Hijji, Ankur S. Narain, Philip K. Louie, Daniel D. Bohl, and Kern Singh 4.1 General Information C3–C7 are defined as the subaxial spine. Majority…
8 Spinal History and Physical Examination
10.1055/b-0039-166417 8 Spinal History and Physical ExaminationFady Y. Hijji, Ankur S. Narain, Junyoung Ahn, Philip K. Louie, Daniel D. Bohl, and Kern Singh 8.1 Spinal History 8.1.1 Background Obtaining an…
2 General Spine Anatomy and Long Tract Pathways
10.1055/b-0039-166411 2 General Spine Anatomy and Long Tract PathwaysJacob V. DiBattista, Ankur S. Narain, Fady Y. Hijji, Philip K. Louie, Daniel D. Bohl, and Kern Singh 2.1 Topographical Anatomy 2.1.1…
5 Thoracic Spine
10.1055/b-0039-166414 5 Thoracic SpineCatherine Maloney, Fady Y. Hijji, Ankur S. Narain, Philip K. Louie, Daniel D. Bohl, and Kern Singh 5.1 General Information T1–T12 are defined as the thoracic vertebrae…
Atlas Section
10.1055/b-0039-167999 9 Lumbar Injection Therapy Pain in the lumbar spine primarily arises in the two inferior lumbar vertebral motor segments, i.e., L4/L5 and L5/S1. One reason why the most marked…
