H-Reflex and F-Response
Fig. 11.1 The monosynaptic stretch reflex . (a) In response to rapid stretch, sensory Ia afferents activate alpha motoneurons in the ventral horns of the spinal cord, resulting in a…
Posterior Fossa Craniotomies
Fig. 14.1 Anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossae Microvascular Decompression MVD is a procedure to relieve symptoms caused by vascular compression of a nerve. When medication does not provide relief,…
and Intraoperative Electrophysiological Monitoring
1. A normal healthy patient 2. A patient with mild systemic disease 3. A patient with severe systemic disease 4. A patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life 5. A…
in the Pediatric Patient
Fig. 19.1 The CDC growth charts for girls (left) and boys (right) from age 2 to 20 for both height and weight. Although these are typical curves, many pediatric surgical…
Vistas: Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring and Small-Pain-Fibers Method of Testing for Spinal Cord Assessment in Pain States
!DOCTYPE html> © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020S. F. Davis, A. D. Kaye (eds.)Principles of Neurophysiological Assessment, Mapping, and Monitoringhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22400-4_23 23. New Vistas: Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring and Small-Pain-Fibers Method of Testing for Spinal…
Assessment of Spinal Cord Pathology in Pain Medicine
!DOCTYPE html> © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020S. F. Davis, A. D. Kaye (eds.)Principles of Neurophysiological Assessment, Mapping, and Monitoringhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22400-4_21 21. Electrophysiological Assessment of Spinal Cord Pathology in Pain Medicine Amit Prabhakar1, Alan David Kaye2, 3,…
Assessment and Correlation in Spinal Cord Nerve Root Pathology
0 No muscle contraction 1 Slight contraction but no movement 2 Movement is possible when gravity eliminated (test in horizontal plane) 3 Movement is possible against gravity but not against…
Auditory Evoked Potentials
Fig. 9.1 The waveform of the BAEP can be recorded in three different montages, through the use of just three electrodes. Peaks I through to V are visible on the…
Cortical Mapping: Basic Concepts, Indications, and Anesthesia Considerations
!DOCTYPE html> © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020S. F. Davis, A. D. Kaye (eds.)Principles of Neurophysiological Assessment, Mapping, and Monitoringhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22400-4_18 18. Intraoperative Cortical Mapping: Basic Concepts, Indications, and Anesthesia Considerations J. Arthur Saus1, Charles Fox2, Harish Siddaiah1,…
Anatomy of Intraoperative Monitoring
Fig. 2.1 The human body in anatomic position The human body has a line of symmetry that bisects the body into right and left equal halves. This line of symmetry…
