The H-Reflex and F-Response
Fig. 11.1 The monosynaptic stretch reflex. (a) In response to rapid stretch sensory Ia afferents activate alpha motoneurons in the ventral horns of the spinal cord resulting in a delayed…
Intraoperative Monitoring for Surgery of the Spinal Cord and Cauda Equina
Fig. 13.1 Transcranial stimulation over the motor cortex using a single square wave pulse results in a recordable D-wave from an epidural electrode. Pulse train stimulation will produce a volley…
Electromyography (EMG)
Fig. 8.1 A motor unit is shown with a recording electrode in proximity. Individual muscle fiber potentials are recorded in sum as the motor unit action potential (MUAP) EMG recordings…
Somatosensory-Evoked Potential Monitoring
Fig. 6.1 Normal stable SEPs from the left and right median and left and right posterior tibial nerves (From UCLA Dept. Clinical Neurophysiology, with permission) The usefulness of SEP IOM…
Monitoring Posterior Fossa Craniotomies
Fig. 14.1 Anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossae Microvascular Decompression MVD is a procedure to relieve symptoms caused by vascular compression of a nerve. When medication does not provide relief,…
Anesthesiology and Intraoperative Electrophysiological Monitoring
1. A normal healthy patient 2. A patient with mild systemic disease 3. A patient with severe systemic disease 4. A patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life 5. A…
New Vistas: Small-Pain-Fibers Method of Testing for Spinal Cord Assessment in Pain States
Alan David Kaye and Scott Francis Davis (eds.)Principles of Neurophysiological Assessment, Mapping, and Monitoring201410.1007/978-1-4614-8942-9_22 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 22. New Vistas: Small-Pain-Fibers Method of Testing for Spinal Cord Assessment in Pain States…
Electrophysiological Assessment of Spinal Cord Pathology in Pain Medicine
Alan David Kaye and Scott Francis Davis (eds.)Principles of Neurophysiological Assessment, Mapping, and Monitoring201410.1007/978-1-4614-8942-9_20 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 20. Electrophysiological Assessment of Spinal Cord Pathology in Pain Medicine Keri D. Copponex1 , Alan David Kaye2, 3 , Joseph H. Feinberg4 …
Intraoperative Cortical Mapping: Basic Concepts, Indications, and Anesthesia Considerations
Alan David Kaye and Scott Francis Davis (eds.)Principles of Neurophysiological Assessment, Mapping, and Monitoring201410.1007/978-1-4614-8942-9_18 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 18. Intraoperative Cortical Mapping: Basic Concepts, Indications, and Anesthesia Considerations Art Saus1 , Charles Fox1 , Harish Bangalore Siddaiah1 , Alan David Kaye2,…
Neurological Assessment and Correlation in Spinal Cord Nerve Root Pathology
0 No muscle contraction 1 Slight contraction but no movement 2 Movement is possible when gravity eliminated (test in horizontal plane) 3 Movement is possible against gravity but not against…
