Neupsy Key

Epistaxis (Nosebleed) Evaluation General—nosebleeds occur in up to 60% of people over a lifetime; 6% require medical care. Etiology—(environmental factors, i.e., humidity, temperature, and altitude also require consideration.) Local causes…

Epilepsy Evaluation General—recurrent seizures secondary to acquired or genetic brain disorder Epidemiology—2 million in the United States have epilepsy. Diagnostic algorithm Determine whether or not the patient has seizures. Exclude…

Ear Ailments Cerumen mpaction General—Cerumen (earwax) tightly packed in the external ear canal and blocking the eardrum Clinical—partial hearing loss, sense of fullness in the ear, itching, tinnitus (ringing in…

Dyspepsia Evaluation General—“bad digestion” translated from Greek Clinical—varied symptoms → upper abdominal discomfort, early satiety, bloating, nausea, and emesis Etiology Forty percent organic—gastroduodenal ulcer (15%-25%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (5%-15%),…

Dysmenorrhea (Menstrual Cramps) Evaluation General—crampy pelvic pain beginning just before or at the onset of menses and lasting 1 to 3 days Etiology—thought to be from prostaglandin release in menstrual…

Diarrhea Diarrhea General—decrease in stool consistency, increase in stool frequency, urgency, ± abdominal discomfort Objective definition → stool weight ” class=LK href=”javascript:void(0)” target=right xpath=”/CT{06b9ee1beed59419a81e5e1e1a4f60b0cc8cd1057525de73425b2b43f4df7f1bd62534eac906fde1253ef56d4feaccab}/ID(AB1-M10)”>>200 g per day (misses 20% of…

Diabetes Mellitus Evaluation General—includes many diseases of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism with resultant hyperglycemia Diagnostic criteria (use any of the following, but results must be confirmed on a separate day) Nonfasting…

Dental Procedures Prophylaxis in Patients at Risk Evaluation General—dental work causes transient bacteremia that may result in endocarditis in at-risk patients. Etiology—the most common cause of endocarditis postdental procedure is…

Cough Differential diagnosis of acute cough (cough lasting <A onclick="get_content(event,'AB1-M12'); return false;" onmouseover="window.status=this.title; return true;" onmouseout="window.status=''; return true;" title="<3 weeks) Common cold (see Chapter 2.15) Allergic rhinitis (see Chapter 2.2)…

Constipation (Chronic) Evaluation General—Rome II diagnostic criteria necessitates two or more of the following for ≥12 weeks in the past year: Straining during ” class=LK href=”javascript:void(0)” target=right xpath=”/CT{06b9ee1beed59419a81e5e1e1a4f60b0cc8cd1057525de73425b2b43f4df7f1b8d46dc14f08b72e3e54f2ce1a6e3642e}/ID(AB1-M10)”>>25% of bowel…