Remember the association between head injury and cervical spine injury and therefore the need to immobilise and log-roll these patients, until spinal injury is excluded clinically and/or radiologically as appropriate….
Remember: CT head is the initial diagnostic investigation of choice in ICH. Routine blood tests FBC (including platelet count), U & E (check for evidence of end organ damage related…
Carotid Doppler ultrasound: Detects narrowing using blood flow velocity and may identify plaque features reflecting risk. Limited by calcification and arterial anatomy. CT angiography (CTA) and contrast MR angiography (MRA):…
Onset in males at 3–5 years Mainly affects axial and proximal muscles (difficulty in walking with waddling gait, Gower’s manoeuvrea and pseudo-hypertrophy of gastrocnemius) Low IQ in up to 30%…
Remember: Presentation of these patients is varied—patients or their parents/carers are often right when they suspect VP shunt blockage—ignore them at your peril. Infants: Abnormal head growth with ‘crossing centiles’…
Remember: In lumbar spine, a herniated lumbar disc usually compresses the nerve root exiting from the foramen below the level of herniation; therefore, an L5/S1 disc prolapse will impinge upon…
Useful Selected Questions to Ask/Facts to Establish? Establish the character of the sensory disturbance (e.g. an absence of sensation (numbness), an uncomfortable sensation (dysaesthesia) or a burning or painful sensation)….
Remember: SAH should be strongly suspected in any patient describing a severe headache of instantaneous onset even in the absence of other symptoms or signs of meningism. Other symptoms: Irritation…
60%) due to AD. LBD accounts for 15–20% of all dementia cases with the remainder due to vascular dementia (VaD), FTD, CJD and others. Aetiology Genetic: Genetic factors play a…
