10.1055/b-0040-175238 15 Botulinum Neurotoxin for Chronic Tension HeadacheNwanmegha Young and Brian E. Benson Summary Headache is one of the most common complaints of individuals seeking medical help. Clinical symptomatology is…
10.1055/b-0040-175236 13 Botulinum Neurotoxin Therapy in the LaryngopharynxCraig H. Zalvan, Phillip C. Song, Nwanmegha Young, and Andrew Blitzer Summary The use of botulinum toxin in the larynx has been well…
10.1055/b-0040-175233 10 Botulinum Neurotoxin for Upper and Lower Esophageal SpasmNwanmegha Young and Brian E. Benson Summary The upper and lower esophageal sphincters play critical roles in the regulation of the…
10.1055/b-0040-175232 9 Botulinum Neurotoxin for Hyperfunctional Facial LinesBrian E. Benson, Diana N. Kirke, and Andrew Blitzer Summary There are many components to the ageing face; however, the most notable of…
10.1055/b-0040-175234 11 Botulinum Neurotoxin for Palatal MyoclonusAjay E. Chitkara, Catherine F. Sinclair, and Daniel Novakovic Summary Palatal myoclonus (PM) is a movement disorder affecting the soft palate muscles. It can…
10.1055/b-0040-175228 5 Botulinum Neurotoxin for Oromandibular DystoniaDaniel Novakovic and Ajay E. Chitkara Summary Oromandibular dystonia (OMD) can affect various muscle groups in the mouth, face, and head. This disorder can…
10.1055/b-0040-175231 8 Botulinum Neurotoxin for Hemifacial Spasm and Facial SynkinesisLesley French Childs, Daniel Novakovic, and Scott R. Gibbs Summary Hemifacial spasm is a disorder of recurrent, involuntary twitches of facial…
10.1055/b-0040-175230 7 Botulinum Neurotoxin for Cervical DystoniaTanya K. Meyer, Joel Guss, and Ronda E. Alexander Summary Cervical dystonia (CD) is the most common focal dystonia and causes significant functional deficits….
10.1055/b-0040-175227 4 Botulinum Neurotoxin for Meige SyndromeNiv Mor and Andrew Blitzer Summary Meige syndrome is a focal dystonia characterized by oromandibular dystonia with blepharospasm. Spasms are usually bilateral, symmetric, and…
10.1055/b-0040-175225 2 Botulinum Neurotoxin for BlepharospasmAmit Patel, Andrew Blitzer, and Boris L. Bentsianov Summary Blepharospasm, or dystonic contractions of primarily the orbicularis oris, usually exists as a focal dystonia. Both…
