10.1055/b-0038-162191 62 Spinal Arteriovenous FistulasEduardo Martinez-del-Campo, Bradley A. Gross, Leonardo Rangel-Castilla, Peter Nakaji, and Robert F. Spetzler Abstract Spinal arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) represent 60 to 80% of spinal vascular malformations…
10.1055/b-0038-162189 60 Dural Arteriovenous FistulasChristophe Cognard Abstract Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF) are arteriovenous shunts located within the dura. They are acquired and commonly related to cerebral venous thrombosis, head trauma,…
10.1055/b-0038-162192 63 Vein of Galen MalformationsFabio Settecase, Vitor M. Pereira, Peter Dirks, and Timo Krings Abstract The vein of Galen malformations (VOGM) are defined as a congenital arteriovenous shunt into…
10.1055/b-0038-162188 59 Pial Arteriovenous FistulasRobert J. Darflinger, Daniel Cooke, and Steven W. Hetts Abstract Pial arterivenous fistulas (PAVFs) are uncommon lesions. They are most commonly seen in the pediatric or…
10.1055/b-0038-162190 61 Carotid-Cavernous FistulasGary B. Rajah, Leonardo Rangel-Castilla, and Adnan H. Siddiqui Abstract Carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) is an abnormal connection between the C4 cavernous segment of the internal carotid…
10.1055/b-0038-162187 58 Spinal Arteriovenous MalformationsHubert Lee, Brian Drake, Oliver Holmes, David Houlden, Daniela Iancu, Shawn Malone, and John Sinclair Abstract Spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare, complex vascular lesions. Understanding…
10.1055/b-0038-162186 57 Cerebellar Arteriovenous MalformationsJoão Paulo Almeida, Mateus Reghin Neto, Adailton Arcanjo dos Santos Jr., Feres Chaddad Neto, and Evandro de Oliveira Abstract Cerebellar arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) represent approximately 10%…
10.1055/b-0038-162185 56 Brainstem Arteriovenous MalformationsMichael Kerin Morgan Abstract Brainstem arteriovenous malformations (BSAVMs) are uncommon. The recommendations in this chapter have been derived from an analysis of small cohort studies of…
10.1055/b-0038-162183 54 Spetzler–Martin Grade III Arteriovenous MalformationsEthan A. Winkler, Brian P. Walcott, and Michael T. Lawton Abstract Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rupture-prone tangles of dysplastic blood vessels with direct arteriovenous…
10.1055/b-0038-162184 55 Spetzler–Martin Grade IV and V Arteriovenous MalformationsJason M. Davies and Michael T. Lawton Abstract Grade IV and V arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) carry a significant risk of morbidity and…
