Microscopic Lumbar Discectomy
(1) Marina Spine Center, Marina del Rey, CA, USA Microscopic lumbar discectomy is an ideal way to remove a disc fragment. Indications include the following: 1. Morbidity of sufficient…
En Bloc Sacrectomy
, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya1, Norio Kawahara1, Masahiko Hata1 and Hideki Murakami1 (1) Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan Sacral tumors may present a difficult problem to the surgeon who desires to obtain a clear margin of…
Oblique Lateral Retroperitoneal Approach to L5–S1
Fig. 35.1 This image illustrates skin marking that needs to be performed prior to incision to ensure adequate exposure to the L5–S1 disc space See Fig. 35.1—This image illustrates skin…
Cervical Foraminotomy: Indications and Technique
(1) Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA Several terms that reappear throughout this chapter are first defined: neural foramen, nerve root, and foraminotomy. When two contiguous vertebrae are apposed, a…
Thoracotomy Approach
(1) Marina Spine Center, Marina del Rey, CA, USA Use the standard thoracotomy approach for safe exposure of vertebral levels T2–L2. Proper rib selection depends on the pathology for…
Posterior Approach to the C1–C2 Joints
(1) Chefarzt Wirbelsäulen Chirurgie, Behandlungszentrum Bewegungsapparat, Universitätsspital, Basel, Switzerland The posterior exposure of the atlantoaxial joints may be indicated for insertion of transarticular screws at C1–C2 for bone grafting…
Balloon-Assisted Endoscopic Retroperitoneal Gasless (BERG) Approach to the Lumbar Spine
, John A. Ameriks2, Frank T. Jordan3 and James M. Giuffre4 (1) Center for Diseases and Surgery of the Spine, Las Vegas, NV, USA (2) Nevada Surgical Group, Las Vegas, NV, USA (3) North Vista Hospital,…
Anterior Retroperitoneal Flank Approach to L2–L5 of the Lumbar Spine
(1) Marina Spine Center, Marina del Rey, CA, USA 1. Place the patient in the left lateral decubitus position. The radiopaque “bean-bag” for positioning allows adequate intraoperative X-ray visualization….
Endoscopic Foraminal Approach to the Lumbar Spine
Fig. 52.1 (a) Illustration of spine at L5–S1, right-sided view with the patient in the prone position. Kambin’s triangular working zone is the site of surgical access for posterolateral endoscopic…
Transsternal Approach to the Cervicothoracic Junction
, Alfred A. Steinberger1 and Frank Moore1 (1) Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA The cervicothoracic junction represents one of the more complex areas of the spine because of the proximity…
