Hippocampus
The hippocampus is a part of the marginal cortex of the parahippocampal gyrus that has been invaginated, or rolled, into the floor of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle…
Corpus Callosum
Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a congenital birth defect characterized by an absence of a corpus callosum. This condition can occur in isolation (with little to no impact…
Rhinencephalon and Limbic System
The limbic forebrain refers to the areas that are functionally and anatomically connected structures that relate to emotion, motivation, and self-preservation. The limbic system is thought to be a major…
Corticocortical and Subcorticocortical Projection Circuits
Corticocortical Circuits. Local short association fibers, or U fibers, connect adjacent cortical gyri and lie beneath the sixth cortical layer. Neighborhood association fibers traverse longer distances than U fibers, but…
Major Cortical Association Bundles
Lesions to cortical association bundles can provide clinical relevance to fiber pathway tracts and cortical origins and destinations. For instance, a patient who develops acute damage to the uncinate fasciculus…
Inferior Surface of Brain
Posterior Medial Surface. The posterior part of the medial surface has two deep sulci. The upper parietooccipital sulcus inclines backward and upward to cut the superior border. The lower calcarine…
Cerebral Cortex: Function and Association Pathways
Association Pathways. When one cortical area is activated by a stimulus, other areas also respond. This is due to the rapid activity along a large number of precisely organized, reciprocally…
Medial Surface of Brain
Temporal Lobe. The temporal lobe is divided by superior and inferior temporal sulci into superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyri. The sulci run backward and slightly upward, in the same…
