Neurophysiology
2 Neurophysiology General Cases General 1. How does magnesium prevent excitotoxicity in brain injury? Magnesium readily crosses the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and blocks various subtypes of calcium and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)…
Peripheral Nerves
7 Peripheral Nerves General History and Physical Emergencies Technique Electrophysiology Pain Upper Extremity Lower Extremity Cases General History and Physical 1. What types of sensation are affected in amyotrophic lateral…
Neuroradiology
Cranial 1. What is the characteristic angiographic appearance of vessels in fibromuscular disease (FMD)? FMD is an angiopathy that affects medium-sized arteries predominantly in young women of childbearing age. FMD…
Neuropharmacology
Neurotransmitters 1. What are the most important central nervous system (CNS) transmitters? Glutamic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin (5HT), and opioid peptides1 2. What is the mechanism…
9: CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE
C H A P T E R 9 CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE I. STROKE A. Transient ischemic attack (TIA)—deficit lasts < 24 hours B. Reversible ischemic neurologic deficit (RIND)—deficit lasts < 1…
11: CONGENITAL AND PEDIATRIC LESIONS
C H A P T E R 11 CONGENITAL AND PEDIATRIC LESIONS I. ARACHNOID CYST—frequently associated with subdural hematomas A. Treatment—only if symptomatic 1. Craniotomy and fenestration into medial CSF…
13: PERIPHERAL NERVES
C H A P T E R 13 PERIPHERAL NERVES I. ANATOMY A. Dorsal scapular nerve—rhomboids and levator scapula B. Long thoracic nerve—serratus anterior C. Suprascapular nerve—supra- and infraspinatus D….
