Tectal (Quadrigeminal Plate) Lesion Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Diffuse Astrocytoma, Low Grade Brainstem Glioma, Pediatric Less Common Lipoma Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Chiari 2 Rare but Important Cavernous…
Bithalamic Lesions Nancy J. Fischbein, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Arterial Ischemia Venous Ischemia/Deep Venous Thrombosis ADEM Diffuse Astrocytoma/Gliomatosis Cerebri Less Common Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, NOS HIE, Term Neonate Profound Hypoperfusion Injury,…
“Pulvinar Sign” Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Variant (vCJD) Less Common Fabry Disease Thalamic Infarct (Mimic) Neoplasms (Mimic) ADEM (Mimic) Rare but Important…
Globus Pallidus Lesion(s) Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, NOS HIE, Neonate CO Poisoning Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Less Common Drug Abuse Hyperalimentation Hepatic Encephalopathy Leigh Syndrome Cyanide…
Unilateral Thalamic Lesion Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Lacunar Infarction Hypertensive Intracranial Hemorrhage Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Less Common Diffuse Astrocytoma, Low Grade Glioblastoma Multiforme Anaplastic Astrocytoma ADEM Rare…
Putamen Lesion(s) Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Hypertensive Intracranial Hemorrhage Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy HIE, Term Hypotensive Cerebral Infarction Less Common Methanol Toxicity Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome Leigh Syndrome Rare but…
Perivascular Space Enhancing Lesions Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Meningitis Neurosarcoid Tuberculosis Vasculitis Less Common Glioblastoma Multiforme Lymphoma, Intravascular (Angiocentric) Cerebral Amyloid Disease Rare but Important Metastases Granulomatous…
T2 Hyperintense Basal Ganglia Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, NOS Hypotensive Cerebral Infarction HIE, Term Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ADEM CO Poisoning Vasculitis Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Hemolytic…
Enlarged Perivascular Spaces Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Normal Variant Aging Brain, Normal Less Common Cryptococcosis Rare but Important Mucopolysaccharidoses Tumor-Associated Cysts, Nonneoplastic CADASIL Megalencephaly with Dilated Perivascular…
T1 Hyperintense Basal Ganglia Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Physiologic Calcification, Brain Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Hepatic Encephalopathy Hyperalimentation Less Common Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, NOS HIE, Term Hypotensive Cerebral Infarction…
