Approach to the Comatose Patient Michael P. Merchut Interpersonal communication and cognitive behavior require sufficient wakefulness, arousal, or alertness. Patients in the persistent vegetative state appear conscious or awake at…
Approach to the Patient with Memory Impairment Daniel Tranel Natalie L. Denburg Torricia H. Yamada The term amnesia refers to conditions in which patients lose, partly or completely, the ability…
Approach to the Patient with Aphasia Jeffrey L. Saver Aphasia is a loss or impairment of language processing caused by brain damage. Language disorders are common manifestations of cerebral injury….
Approach to the Patient with Dementia Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner Neill R. Graff-Radford In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) criteria, dementia is defined as a decline in memory…
Approach to the Patient with Acute Confusional State (Delirium/ Encephalopathy) John C. Andrefsky Jeffrey I. Frank Delirium is a syndrome characterized by confusion with inattention, alteration of arousal, disorientation, and…
Vein of Galen Malformations Key Points The age of presentation, gravity of the condition, and difficulty of treatment of vein of Galen malformations are highly linked to the angioarchitectural subtypes…
Endovascular Treatment of Ischemic Stroke Key Points Techniques for endovascular revascularization of acute ischemic stroke are capable of achieving consistent success rates of over 90%. Angiographic revascularization of ischemic stroke…
Angioplasty and Stenting of Atherosclerotic Disease Key Points Carotid endarterectomy is the established treatment of choice for symptomatic carotid artery bifurcation disease in most patients. Intracranial angioplasty/stenting with bare or…
Cerebral Vasospasm Key Points Cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage is a poorly understood phenomenon with an unclear correlation with the delayed ischemic neurologic deficits (DINDs) seen in a subgroup of…
Dural Sinus Occlusive Disease Key Points Dural sinus stenotic disease may be a common cause of benign intracranial hypertension and idiopathic headache. Endovascular treatment for this condition may play a…
