Examination component Nonreassuring findings 1. Length of upper incisors Relatively long 2. Relationship of maxillary and mandibular incisors during normal jaw closure Prominent “overbite” (maxillary incisors anterior to mandibular incisors)…
Fig. 16.1 Left, PRESTIGE® ST cervical disc prosthesis; Right, PRESTIGE® LP prosthesis (Image provided by Medtronic, Inc) The BRYAN cervical disc (Medtronic, Inc.) was designed by the American neurosurgeon Vincent…
Fig. 19.1 Manual treatment of the patient Therapeutic Exercise The scientific literature supports the effectiveness of therapeutic exercise for acute neck pain. Rehabilitation treatment involves strengthening and stretching of the…
Fig. 8.1 Anatomical landmarks for the anterior presternocleidomastoid – precarotid approach Hard palate: atlas arch Inferior side of the mandible: C1-C2 space Hyoid bone: C3 Thyroid cartilage: C4-C5 space Cricoid…
Figs. 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 Sixth cervical vertebra is characterized for the anterior tubercle of the transverse process which is more developed and prominent (Chassaignac tubercle): landmark for the common…
Fig. 4.1 Flow diagram representing algorythm for patients with neck and/or cervival radicular pain References 1. Kumar R, Berger RJ, Dunsker SB, Keller JT. Innervation of the spinal dura. Myth…
Clinical Outcome Following Surgical Treatment of Spondylolysis Brian J. C. Freeman The pars interarticularis defect is unique to human beings, who by virtue of being bipedal transfer considerable weight through…
The Problems of Instrumentation in Poorer Countries Helton Defino The implants used for surgeries of the spine are the segment of highest growth on the orthopedic market. This growth is…
The Use of Outcome Scales in the Management of Spondylolysis Finn Bjarke Christensen Thomas Andersen Why should outcome measurement of spinal patients’ health and treatment be less accurate than corresponding…
Surgery for Spondylolisthesis: RCT Evidence from the Cochrane Review J. N. Alastair Gibson Gordon Waddell Ideally, any surgical intervention should be evidence based, and surgery for spondylolisthesis is no exception….
