Techniques
Fig. 1 Principle of ELISPOT. For cytokine ELISPOT assay, the membrane of an ELISPOT plate is coated first with capture antibody as shown in (a). (b) Cytokines that are produced…
of Central Nervous System (CNS) Infiltrating Cells
Fig. 1 Isolation of CNS infiltrating cells from C57Bl/6 mice with EAE. (a) Absolute numbers of live and CD90 positive cells. Data represents CNS isolated material from 19 EAE diseased…
Critical Care Considerations
Fig. 1 cEEG demonstrating NCSE only detected with depth electrodes (D leads) in a 59-year-old woman with refractory status epilepticus despite pentobarbital, midazolam, levetiracetam, valproate, and phenytoin. Note the relative…
Electrographic Seizures in Adults: Recognition and Examples
Fig. 1 Extreme delta brush pattern (arrow) and seizure onset in a patient with NMDA encephalitis Patients with antibodies to the leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) protein component of the voltage-gated…
Super Refractory Status Epilepticus
Stage 1: early SE Seizure lasting 5 min or two or more seizures without recovery of consciousness between Stage 2: established SE Ongoing SE after appropriately dosed benzodiazepine Stage 3:…
QEEG Training Module
Fig. 1 One-hour QEEG panel and corresponding raw EEG. (a) Example of a QEEG panel consisting of the following QEEG tools: rhythmicity spectrogram (displayed for the left and right hemispheres),…
Artifacts Resembling Seizures
Fig. 1 ECG artifact. In this low-voltage EEG, the artifact generated by a brief run of ventricular tachycardia can easily be mistaken for generalized periodic discharges Pulse artifact is another…
Quantitative EEG Analysis: Basics
Fig. 1 Algorithm for calculation of AEEG. The raw EEG is filtered, rectified, smoothed, and the amplitude displayed as a range on a combined linear/logarithmic compressed time scale AEEG has…
Quantitative EEG for Non-seizure Indications
Fig. 1 Diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage in the interpeduncular cistern and ambient cistern (a), extending to the suprasellar cistern and Sylvian fissures (b), with associated intraventricular hemorrhage and left frontal intraparenchymal…
QEEG in Seizure Detection
Fig. 1 Sample 30 min QEEG panel and corresponding raw EEG. (a) QEEG panel consisting of the following QEEG tools: rhythmicity spectrogram (displayed for the left and right hemispheres), CDSA…
